To Hell and Back: Europe, 1914-1949, by Ian Kershaw
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To Hell and Back: Europe, 1914-1949, by Ian Kershaw
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In the summer of 1914 most of Europe plunged into a war so catastrophic that it unhinged the continent's politics and beliefs in a way that took generations to recover from.
The disaster terrified its survivors, shocked that a civilization that had blandly assumed itself to be a model for the rest of the world had collapsed into a chaotic savagery beyond any comparison.
In 1939 Europeans would initiate a second conflict that managed to be even worse - a war in which the killing of civilians was central and which culminated in the Holocaust.
To Hell and Back tells this story with humanity, flair and originality. Kershaw gives a compelling narrative of events, but he also wrestles with the most difficult issues that the events raise - with what it meant for the Europeans who initiated and lived through such fearful times - and what this means for us.
To Hell and Back: Europe, 1914-1949, by Ian Kershaw- Amazon Sales Rank: #65625 in Audible
- Published on: 2015-09-24
- Released on: 2015-09-24
- Format: Unabridged
- Original language: English
- Running time: 1446 minutes
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78 of 84 people found the following review helpful. Hell is Back is the sanguinary and cautionary story of Europe in the twentieth century by a renowned scholar Ian Kershaw By C. M Mills To Hell and Back is the newly published book by the distinguished British historian Sir. Dr. Ian Kershaw. Kershaw is the foremost expert on Hitler and the Nazi era. This volume is the first of two books dealing with the twentieth century catastrophe of war and death which transpired in bloody Europe. The book begins with the First World War and concludes in 1949 at the beginning of the Cold War. The author plans a second volume.The book is strong in the way Kershaw surveys the politics of all the European nations during the period being discussed. As always his analysis of Nazi Germany is excellent as is his coverage of the cruel dictatorship of Stalin in the Soviet Union. The style is sober and scholarly and some general readers will be bored with the text. The book has excellent maps and a good bibliography. The volume is part of the Penguin History series.Kershaw is always worth reading. Recommended.
32 of 33 people found the following review helpful. The Wheels Come Off By David Shulman The Europe of 1914, at least for its bourgeoisie, represented the height of civilization, the “Belle Époque” if you will. And of a sudden the wheels fell off the track and the continent plunged into the darkness The Great War. British historian Ian Kershaw certainly proves George Kennan’s maxim that World War I was “the great seminal catastrophe of the 20th Century.” The war arose in the milieu of ethnic nationalism, territorial revisionism and increasing class conflict growing out of mass industrialization. These three factors would remain long after the war ended and into this pot would be thrown the crisis in capitalism induced by the Great Depression.Also arising out of the war was the successful Bolshevik Revolution that sent chills down the spines of the conservative elite. To Kershaw this was the most important event of the 20th Century because the very real fear of communism made opposition to the rise of fascism far more difficult in the West. It hardened the right and split the left.As a result the crisis in capitalism forced politics to the right rather than the left which is not too much different from what happened post-2008. Thus the West’s response to the rise of fascism was timid, to say the least with respect to Germany’s re-occupation of the Rhineland in 1936, the Spanish Civil War and the dismemberment of Czechoslovakia in 1938. All the while the great purge trials were going on in Moscow.Kershaw’s view of this history seems more deterministic than say that of Zara Steiner’s. To him there is more or less a straight-line between the Versailles settlements to the start of World War II. To be sure he gives credit to “the spirit of Locarno,” but not enough in my opinion. He also leaves out two chance events that may have altered history. The first is outside his topic and that was the premature death of New York Federal Reserve President in 1928. Had he lived, in the minds of more than a few economists the worst effects of the Great Depression might have been avoided. Within his bailiwick was again the premature death of German Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann in October 1929. If there ever were a German politician who could have stopped Hitler, it was Stresemann.Kershaw brings the holocaust to the forefront in Hitler’s war of annihilation in the East in his coverage of World War II. Simply put Hitler wanted to conquer the West, but he wanted to destroy the East. He almost succeeded.Kershaw finishes his book with the beginnings of the postwar recovery, the role of the Marshall plan and the start of the Cold War. By 1949 Europe is central to the Cold War between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, but its power is but a shadow of its former self. Kershaw has done an excellent job in portraying this epochal period that this review hardly does justice to.
32 of 33 people found the following review helpful. Ideas and Actions - Causes and Effects: Both Explained! By Clay Garner Outstanding job of coalescing mountains of detail. Kershaw uses comparison to make ideas clear and distinct. Chapters:1) On the Brink2) The Great Disaster3) Turbulent Peace4) Dancing on the Volcano5) Gathering Shadows6) Danger Zone7) Towards the Abyss8) Hell on Earth9) Quiet Transitions in the Dark Decades10) Out of the AshesKershaw takes turns to cover many different European areas. This enables reader to constrast different developments occurring at the same time. The interaction of the English, German, Russian, Italian, etc., worlds create understanding. Very well done!I enjoyed the fact that Kershaw did not avoid making moral judgements. War is horrible. Hatred is evil, whether it is directed against Jews, Kulacks, Businessmen, Handicapped, Poles, or anyone else!His comparison of Italian Facism, German Nazism and Russian Communism is fascinating. His explanation of the difference between the eastern and western front in WW2 was enlightening. Germany had two different goals. West was to conquer, east was to exterminate. Not the same!This work does not only present war and politics, but also the emotional, cultural and religious effects. Covers artists and artistic movements. Picasso, Thomas Mann, Bertold Brecht, etc. are shown in the new world of the twentieth century. "Earlier ideals of beauty, harmony and reason were radically discarded in modernism. Fragmentation, disunity and chaos were the new leitmotifs - a remarkable anticipation in cultural forms of the political and economic rupture left by the First World War." (167)The religious outlook changed. "As people turned to the state, to political movements, or to other public institutions to answer their needs, the Churches in the eyes of increasing numbers has nothing to offer. Nationalism is the new religion. People don't go to church. They go to nationalist meetings. . . . And as war and genocide ravaged Europe, Nietzsche's attack on belief in rationality and truth, his denial of morality rooted in religious belief, came to seem anything but misplaced." (431) Trenchant analysis.This book includes eight pages of glossy photographs. Concludes with a twenty-seven page bibliography and a forty-two page index.Easy to read with a clear narrative. Kershaw presents a persuasive story. I enjoyed it.
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